NOTES COMPUTER SCIENCES CLASS 7 PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH KSA
NOTES: COMPUTER SCIENCES CLASS 7 PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH KSA
Question No.1
Write names of antivirus software programs?
Answer:
- Norton Antivirus 2014
2. Bitdefender Internet Security 2014
3. McAfee AntiVirus Plus 2014
4. Kaspersky Internet Security for Mac
5. Panda Antivirus Pro 2014
Question No.2 Define the following: debugging , animation, multimedia , database
Answer: DEBUGGING
In computers, debugging is the process of locating and fixing or bypassing bugs (errors) in computer program code or the engineering of a hardware device.
ANIMATION
A way of making a movie by using a series of drawings, computer graphics, or photographs of objects (such as puppets or models) that are slightly different from one another and that when viewed quickly one after another create the appearance of movement.
MULTIMEDIA
As the name implies, multimedia is the integration of multiple forms of media. This includes text, graphics, audio, video, etc. For example, a presentation involving audio and video clips would be considered a “multimedia presentation.”
DATABASE
A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.
Question No. 3
Draw the execution cycle? How many types of vices are there? Define them briefly?
Answer:
The actual actions which occur during the execute cycle of an instruction depend on both the instruction itself, and the addressing mode specified to be used to access the data that may be required. However, four main groups of actions do exist
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Question No.4
Differentiate between hard disk and cd rom?
Answer:
CD-ROM (an abbreviation “Compact Disc read-only memory” or “Compact Disc read-only media”) is a Compact Disc that contains data accessible by a computer. While the Compact Disc format was originally designed for music storage and playback, the format was later adapted to hold any form of binary data. CD-ROMs are popularly used to distribute computer software, including games and multimedia applications, though any data can be stored (up to the capacity limit of a disc). Some CDs hold both computer data and audio with the latter capable of being played on a CD player, whilst data (such as software or digital video) is only usable on a computer. These are called Enhanced CDs.
HARD DISK
A hard disk (commonly known as a HDD (hard disk drive) or hard drive and formerly known as a fixed disk) is a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic surfaces. Strictly speaking, “drive” refers to an entire unit containing multiple platters, a read/write head assembly, driver electronics, and motor while “hard disk” (sometimes “platter”) refers to the storage medium itself.
Question No.5
What is CPU?
Answer: CPU
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the part of a computer system that is commonly referred to as the “brains” of a computer. The CPU is also known as the processor or microprocessor. The CPU is responsible for executing a sequence of stored instructions called a program.
Question No.6
Draw execution cycle of data storage? how many types of data storage devices are there? Define them briefly?
Answer:
RAM
RAM (random access memory) is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs, and data in current use are kept so that they can be quickly reached by the computer’s processor. RAM is much faster to read from and write to than the other kinds of storage in a computer, the hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM. However, the data in RAM stays there only as long as your computer is running. When you turn the computer off, RAM loses its data. When you turn your computer on again, your operating system and other files are once again loaded into RAM, usually from yourhard disk.
ROM
Short for Read-Only Memory, ROM is a storage medium that is used with computers and other electronic devices. As the name indicates, data stored in ROM may only be read. It is either modified with extreme difficulty or not at all. ROM is mostly used for firmware updates. A simple example of ROM is the cartridge used with video game consoles, which allows one system to run multiple games. Another example of ROM is EEPROM, which is a programmable ROM used for the computer BIOS,
Question No.7
What is word processing software?
Answer:
A word processor is an electronic device or computer software application,
that performs the task of
composition,
editing,
formatting,
printing of documents.
Question No.8
What are the characteristics of word processing software? Define briefly?
Answer:
- Collaborative editing, allowing multiple users to work on the same document.
- Indexing (True indexing, as performed by a professional human indexer, is far beyond current technology, for the same reasons that fully automated, literary-quality machine translation is.)
- Creation of tables of contents.
- Management, editing, and positioning of visual material (illustrations, diagrams), and sometimes sound files.
- Automatically managed (updated) cross-references to pages or notes.
- Version control of a document, permitting reconstruction of its evolution.
- Non-printing comments and annotations.
- Generation of document statistics (characters, words, readability level, time spent editing by each user).
- “Styles”, which automate consistent formatting of text body, titles, subtitles, highlighted text, and so on.
Question No.9
Name and differentiate the parts of Ms word main screen?
Answer:
Title bar
This displays the document name followed by a program name.
Menu bar
This contains a list of options to manage and customize documents.
Standard toolbar
This contains shortcut buttons for the most popular commands.
Formatting toolbar
This contains buttons used for formatting.
Ruler
This is used to set margins, indents, and tabs.
Insertion point
This is the location where the next character appears.
End-of-document marker
This indicates the end of the document.
Help
This provides quick access to Help topics.
Scroll bars
These are used to view parts of the document.
Status bar
This displays the position of the insertion point and working mode buttons.
Task pane
This provides easy access to commonly used menus, buttons, and tools.
View buttons
These change the layout view of the document to normal, web layout, print layout, and outline view.
Office Assistant
This links to the Microsoft Office Help feature.
Question No.10
What is an insertion point?
Answer:
In graphics-based programs, the insertion point is the point where the next characters typed from the keyboard will appear on thedisplay screen. The insertion point is usually represented by a blinking vertical line. You can reposition the insertion point by pressing arrow keys or by moving the I-beam pointer.
Question No.11
Write a short note on status bar?
Answer:
A status bar is a small area at the bottom of a window. It is used by some applications to display helpful information for the user. For example, an open folder window on the desktop may display the number of items in the folder and how many items are selected. Photoshop uses the status bar to display the size of the current image, the zoom percentage, and other information. Web browsers use the status bar to display the Web address of a link when the user moves the cursor over it. It also shows the status of loading pages, and displays error messages.
If you don’t see the status bar in your Web browser or another program, you may be able to enable it by selecting “Show Status Bar” from the application’s View menu. If this option is not available in the View menu, the program may not use a status bar. Some programs use a “status window” instead to show the current activity in the application. The option for displaying this window is usually found in the “Window” menu.
Question No.12
How can we start MS word?
Answer:
How to Start Microsoft Word 2010
You can start Word 2010 in a number of ways, then create documents to your heart’s content. But before you can start Word, your computer must be on and toasty. After you log into Windows, you can get Word going.
The unimaginative way to start Word 2010
Without fail, the place to start any program in Windows is at the fabled Start button. It may not be the fastest or the most interesting or convenient way to start a program, but it’s consistent and reliable:
- Click the Start button (which is adorned with the Windows logo).
The Start menu appears. You might find the Microsoft Word 2010 program icon right there on the Start menu.
- If you see the Word icon, click it to run the program.
Otherwise, keep plowing away in Step 3.
- Choose All Programs to pop up the All Programs menu, and then select Microsoft Word 2010.
If you don’t see the Microsoft Word 2010 icon or program name, you must obey Step 3, which is almost certain to work.
- Choose the Microsoft Office item (submenu) to display its contents, and then select Microsoft Word 2010.
Behold! Word starts! Watch in amazement as the program unfurls its sails on your computer’s monitor.
Question No.13
How can we select a word a sentence and a paragraph?
Answer:
If you are using the mouse, Word provides several quick ways to select an entire paragraph.
First, you can simply triple-click anywhere within the paragraph. This is perhaps the fastest and most common method of selecting an entire paragraph.
Second, you can move the mouse pointer to the left of the first character in any line of the paragraph you want to select. The mouse pointer turns into an arrow pointing up and right. Double-click the mouse, and the paragraph is selected.
Finally, if you are using the style area, you can also move the mouse pointer into the style area to the left of the paragraph you want to select. Click once on the left mouse button, and the entire paragraph is selected.
If you like to use the keyboard instead of the mouse, you can select the current paragraph by pressing Ctrl+Up Arrow(which moves the insertion point to the beginning of the paragraph) and then pressing Ctrl+Shift+Down Arrow.
Question No.14
How can we move through a document in ms word?
Answer:
How to move around a document
Microsoft Word is a very popular word-processing program. While it can be used for typing letters and basic documents, a Word document can also include pictures and graphics for making posters or even birthday cards.
This guide explains how to move around a document in Microsoft Word. It will feature Word 2010, but earlier versions of Word will use similar steps or concepts.
Follow these step-by-step instructions to move around a document
Step 1: From the desktop or from your ‘Start’ menu, open Microsoft Word.
Step 2: Click either File or the Office button at the top left. Select Open and browse to the document you wish to open. Double-click on it with your left-hand mouse button to open it.
Step 3: The flashing cursor (mouse pointer) in the document tells you where you’re typing. Wherever the flashing cursor is placed, the letters that you type will be inserted at that point. When you start a blank document, the flashing cursor will be at the start of your document ready for you to start typing.
Step 4: As you type, the cursor will also move with each letter. This guides you so that you know where the focus is for typing.
Step 5: The mouse can be used for moving around a document. When the mouse pointer is moved over a text area, the pointer will change from an arrow to a ‘text select’ or ‘I-beam’ icon.
Step 6: Move the text select/mouse pointer with your mouse to where you would like to change or add text. Click the left-hand mouse button. This will then place the flashing cursor at the point where you have clicked so that you can edit or insert text.
Step 7: You can also move around your document using the arrow keys on the keyboard.
Step 8: Pressing these arrow keys will move the flashing cursor up a line of text, down a line or left one character or right one character. Using a combination of keystrokes can also move the cursor further – e.g. holding down the Ctrl (control) key and pressing the left arrow key will move the cursor left one word. Holding down Ctrl and pressing the up arrow key will move the cursor to the start of each paragraph.
Question No.15
What is the purpose of text alignment?
Answer:
Question No.16
In how many ways we can align our text in ms word?
Answer:
Text layout: how to centre, left align, right align and justify text
Sometimes, a document that you’re creating may call for different text layouts. The standard layout is for the text to be aligned to the left. Other layouts that can be set up are centred text, where text will be placed in the centre of the document, right aligned where the text will be aligned to the right of the document and justified text, where the text will be aligned to the left and the right.
This guide explains how to align text in Word 2010. Other steps may be offered if methods are different in earlier versions of Word.
Follow these step-by-step instructions to centre, left align, right align and justify text
Step 1: Open an existing Word document or start a new document and type your text. The default layout is left align, where text will be aligned to the left margin of the document.
Step 2: To change the layout of your text, select the text that you wish to change by using the mouse or keyboard shortcuts.
Step 3: To centre the selected text, click on the ‘centre text’ icon in the formatting ribbon at the top of the document.
Step 4: To right align the selected text, click on the ‘right align’ icon. This will move all highlighted text so that it’s aligned to the right.
Step 5: To ‘justify’ text so that it is aligned to both right and left, click on the ‘justify’ icon.
Step 6: It’s also possible to change selected text using a combination of keyboard shortcuts, which some people find easier than using the mouse.
- To make text centred, select and highlight the text first, then hold downCtrl (the control key) on the keyboard and press E.
- To make text right aligned, select and highlight the text first, then hold downCtrl (the control key) on the keyboard and then press R.
- To make text justified, select and highlight the text first, then hold downCtrl (the control key) on the keyboard and then press J.
- To make the text left aligned again, press and hold downCtrl on the keyboard and press L.
Question No.17
Write down the purpose of ctrl+h, ctrl+u, ctrl+I, ctrl+x, ctrl+c, ctrl+s, ctrl+I, ctrl+o, short cut keys in ms word?
Answer:
CTRL+A | Select All | Add Note | Bookmark by Value* | ||||
CTRL+B | Submit Batch File | Display Note | Rebase Date column | ||||
CTRL+C | Copy | Change Case | Select Column* | ||||
CTRL+D | Clear All Data | ||||||
CTRL+E | Update Data and Exit* | Excel Wizard | |||||
CTRL+F | Find | Reorder Levels* | Calculate Factor* | ||||
CTRL+G | Goto Line/Cell | ||||||
CTRL+H | Next Error Message | Previous Error Message | |||||
CTRL+I | Insert row before current row* | Insert multiple rows* | |||||
CTRL+J | Insert row after current row* | ||||||
CTRL+K | Submit Clipboard | Submit to current line | Conditional Format* | ||||
CTRL+L | Submit Line | DDE Link* | Edit Factor Levels* | ||||
CTRL+M | Submit Selection/Run Analysis* | Submit from current line | Move Column* | ||||
CTRL+N | Open New Text Window | ||||||
CTRL+O | Open File | Reorder Columns* | |||||
CTRL+P | Protect Column* | ||||||
CTRL+Q | (none) | Toggle Selection of Cell | |||||
CTRL+R | Replace | Repeat Line | Select Row* | ||||
CTRL+S | Save File | Save File As | |||||
CTRL+T | Find Next | Text Split* | Temporary Missing Value* | ||||
CTRL+U | Update Sheet* | Allow AutoUpdate* | |||||
CTRL+V | Paste | ||||||
CTRL+W | Submit Window | Recycle Window | Default Column Widths* | ||||
CTRL+X | Cut | ||||||
CTRL+Y | Redo | ||||||
CTRL+Z | Undo | ||||||
CTRL+Del | Delete | ||||||
ALT+N | Copy Column Names* | Paste Column Names* | |||||
ALT+T | Combine Text* | ||||||
ALT+V | Paste Special | ||||||
CTRL+0 | Restrict Expression* | ||||||
CTRL+1 | Restrict on Cell* | ||||||
CTRL+2 | Restrict No Missing values* | ||||||
CTRL+3 | Restrict Missing Values* | ||||||
CTRL+4 | Reverse Restriction* | ||||||
CTRL+5 | Restrict Selection* | ||||||
CTRL+6 | Restrict Selected rows added to Excluded* | ||||||
CTRL+7 | Restrict Selected rows removed from Excluded* | ||||||
CTRL+8 | Restrict UnSelected rows as Excluded* | ||||||
CTRL+9 | Restrict UnSelected rows added to Excluded* | ||||||
CTRL+0 | Restrict UnSelected rows removed from Excluded* | ||||||
CTRL+] | Moves the cursor to next brace or matching statement | ||||||
Ch4
Question No.17
Define the following terms: bit, nibble, byte, kb, mb gb
Answer:
Bit
A ‘bit’ (short for Binary Digit) is the smallest unit of data that can be stored by a computer. Each ‘bit’ is represented as a binary number, either 1 (true) or 0 (false).
Byte
A ‘byte’ contains 8 bits, so for example, it could be stored as 11101001.
A single keyboard character that you type, such as the letter A or the letter T takes up one byte of storage.
Nibble
This is not a very commonly used term compared to bit and byte. It is the term given to a group of four bits. Therefore two nibbles make a byte.
The reason it is not very common is because most microprocessors use groups of 8 bits and higher i.e. They use one or more bytes to process data. Not many devices make use of a nibble.
MB
The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. Its recommended unit symbol is MB, but sometimesMByte is used. The unit prefix mega is a multiplier of 1000000 (106)
GB
A gigabyte (GB) is a measure of computer data storage capacity that is roughly equivalent to 1 billion bytes. A gigabyte is two to the 30th power or 1,073,741,824 in decimal notation. The term is pronounced with two hard Gs. The prefix giga comes from a Greek word meaning giant.
Ch 5
NET WORKING AND INTERNET
Question No.18
What is computer networking?
Answer:
A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network
which allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices exchange data with each other using a data link. The connections between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media.
Question No.19
How many types of computer networks are there?
Answer:
TYPES OF NETWORKS
Local Area Networks
Local area networks (LANs) are used to connect networking devices that are in a very close geographic area, such as a floor of a building, a building itself, or a campus environment.
Wide Area Networks
Wide area networks (WANs) are used to connect LANs together. Typically, WANs are used when the LANs that must be connected are separated by a large distance.
Metropolitan Area Networks
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a hybrid between a LAN and a WAN.
Question No.20
What is internet?
Answer:
The Internet, sometimes called simply “the Net,” is a worldwide system of computer networks – a network of networks in which users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from any other computer (and sometimes talk directly to users at other computers). It was conceived by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government in 1969 and was first known as the ARPANet.
Question No.21
Write down the website address of PISJ?
Answer:
Pakistan International School (Azizia) Jeddah (PISJ)
www.pisj.sch.sa
Question No.22
Take the print out of Home page of PISJ website and paste in your notebook?
Answer:
Check www.pisj.sch.sa